Editing Help:Editing

'' Copied From [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Cheatsheet Wikipedia] ''
----

==Gentoo Wiki specific introduction==
The Gentoo Linux Wiki is a WikiWiki, meaning that anyone can easily edit any article and have those changes posted immediately.

== The wiki markup ==
In the left column of the table below, you can see what effects are possible. In the right column, you can see how those effects were achieved. In other words, to make text look like it looks in the left column, type it in the format you see in the right column.

You may want to keep this page open in a separate browser window for reference. If you want to try out things without danger of doing any harm, you can do so in the [[Sandbox]].

=== Sections, paragraphs, lists and lines ===
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<th>What it looks like</th>
<th style="width:50%;">What you type</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Start your sections as follows:

<!-- This is the original 
== New section ==
=== Subsection ===
==== Sub-subsection ====
 -->

<!-- If this doesn't work, try the next set
<h2> New section </h2>
<h3> Subsection </h3>
<h4> Sub-subsection </h4>
 -->

<!-- Try this set if the previous set doesn't work. -->
<!-- It's a hacky way of doing it, but section edit links go crazy otherwise -->
<br><b><font style="font-size:120%"> New section </font></b><br>
<br><b><font style="font-size:110%"> Subsection </font></b><br>
<br><b><font style="font-size:100%"> Sub-subsection </font></b><br>
<!-- -->

</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>

== New section ==

=== Subsection ===

==== Sub-subsection ====
</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
A single newline
has no effect on the layout. 
These can be used to separate
sentences within a paragraph.
Some editors find that this aids editing
and improves the ''diff'' function.<br>
<br>
But an empty line
starts a new paragraph.
</td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>A single newline
has no effect on the layout. 
These can be used to separate
sentences within a paragraph.
Some editors find that this aids editing
and improves the ''diff'' function.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top"><td>You can break lines<br />
without starting a new paragraph.</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>You can break lines<br />
without starting a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
* Lists are easy to do:
** start every line with a star
*** more stars means deeper levels
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>* Lists are easy to do:
** start every line with a star
*** more stars means deeper levels

</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
# Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki># Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* like this
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* like this</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
; Definition list : list of definitions
; item : the item's definition
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>; Definition list : list of definitions
; item : the item's definition</nowiki></pre>
*''One item per line, no hard NEWLINE.''
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
: A colon indents a line or paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.

* This is primarily for displayed material, but is also used for discussion on [[Wikipedia:Talk page|Talk page]]s.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>: A colon indents a line or paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.





</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr valign=top>
<td>
 IF a line starts with a space THEN
   it will be formatted exactly 
     as typed;
   in a fixed-width font;
   lines won't wrap;
 ENDIF
 this is useful for:
   * pasting preformatted text;
   * algorithm descriptions;
   * program source code;
   * ASCII art and chemical structures;

WARNING If you make it wide, you force the whole page to be wide and hence less readable, especially for people who use lower resolutions. Never start ordinary lines with spaces.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki> IF a line starts with a space THEN
   it will be formatted exactly 
     as typed;
   in a fixed-width font;
   lines won't wrap;
 ENDIF
 this is useful for:
   * pasting preformatted text;
   * algorithm descriptions;
   * program source code;
   * ASCII art and chemical structures;</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top"><td><center>Centered text.</center>
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki><center>Centered text.</center></nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>A horizontal dividing line: this is above it
----
and this is below it.

Mainly useful for separating threads on Talk pages.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>A horizontal dividing line: this is above it
----
and this is below it. </nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table>

=== Links, URLs, images ===

<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
  <tr>
    <th>What it looks like</th>
    <th style="width:50%;">What you type</th>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td>London has public transport.

*First letter of target is automatically capitalized.
*Internally spaces are automatically represented as underscores (typing an underscore has the same effect as typing a space, but is not recommended).
Thus the link above is to <nowiki>http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_transport</nowiki>, which is the article with the name "Public transport". See also [[Wikipedia:Canonization]].
    </td>
    <td><pre><nowiki>London has public transport.</nowiki></pre></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>
[[Wikipedia:World Heritage Sites#New Zealand]]<br/>
is an example link to a section name on a page, see ''== headers =='' above.
Links to non-existent sections aren't broken, they are treated as links to the top of the page.</td>
    <td>
<nowiki>[[Wikipedia:World Heritage Sites#New Zealand]]</nowiki></td>.
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td>Same target, different name:
[[wiki FAQ|answers]].
<br>(This is a piped link.)
    </td>
    <td><pre><nowiki>Same target, different name: 
[[wiki FAQ|answers]]</nowiki></pre>
    </td>
  </tr>

  <tr valign="top">
    <td>Endings are blended into the link: [[sandbox]]s
    </td>
    <td>

<pre><nowiki>Endings are blended 
into the link: [[sandbox]]s</nowiki></pre>
    </td>
  </tr>

  <tr>
    <td>When adding a comment to a Talk page,
you should sign it. You can do this by
adding three tildes for your user name:
: [[User:Thrasher|Thrasher]]
or four for user name plus date/time:
: [[User:Thrasher|Thrasher]] 08:10 Oct 5, 2002 (UTC)</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>When adding a comment to a Talk page,
you should sign it. You can do this by
adding three tildes for your user name:
: ~~~
or four for user name plus date/time:
: ~~~~</nowiki></pre>
    </td>
  </tr>

  <tr valign="top">
    <td>[[How to hack gentoo]] is a page that doesn't
exist yet.

*You can create it by clicking on the link.


*To create a new page: 
*#Create a link to it on some other page.
*#Save that page.
*#Click on the link you just made. The new page will open for editing.
*After creating a page, search for its title and make sure that everyone correctly links to it.
    </td>
    <td><pre><nowiki>[[How to hack gentoo]] is a page 
that doesn't exist yet.</nowiki></pre>
    </td>
  </tr>

  <tr valign="top">
    <td>[[Help:Editing]] is this page.

Self links appear as bold text when the article is viewed.</td>
    <td><pre><nowiki>[[Help:Editing]] is this page.</nowiki></pre>
    </td>
  </tr>

  <tr valigh="top">
    <td>[[Gentoo-Portage:net-im/gaim|net-im/gaim]] is a link to portage on Gentoo-Portage.com</td>
    <td>
 <nowiki>[[Gentoo-Portage:net-im/gaim|net-im/gaim]]</nowiki>
or
 <nowiki>[[Ebuild:net-im/gaim|net-im/gaim]]</nowiki>
    </td>
  </tr>


  <tr valign="top">
    <td>
Redirect one article title to another by putting text like this in its first line.  Note that redirects to sections do not work yet. <nowiki>#REDIRECT [[example#example]]</nowiki> will redirect to the [[example]] page, but not to any particular section on it. It is possible this feature will be implemented in future, so such redirects could be used now for future compatibility. 
    </td>
    <td><pre><nowiki>#REDIRECT [[example]]</nowiki></pre>
    </td>
  </tr>


  <tr>
    <td>
To link to books, you can use Wikipedia:ISBN links.

ISBN 0123456789X
    </td>
    <td>
<nowiki>ISBN 0123456789X</nowiki>
    
    </td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td>"What links here" and "Related changes" can be linked as:<br/>
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Wikipedia:How to edit a page]] and
[[Special:Recentchangeslinked/Wikipedia:How to edit a page]]
</td><td><nowiki>
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Wikipedia:How to edit a page]] and
[[Special:Recentchangeslinked/Wikipedia:How to edit a page]]</nowiki>
</td></tr>
</table>

=== Character formatting ===

<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<th>What it looks like</th>
<th style="width:50%;">What you type</th>
</tr>

<tr valign="top"><td>
''Emphasize'', '''strongly''', '''''very strongly'''''.
* These are double and triple apostrophes (single-quote marks), not double-quote marks.
* Note that on almost all browsers, these appear as italic and bold; for semantic reasons, <nowiki><i></nowiki> and <nowiki><b></nowiki> are preferable in mathematical formulas.
</td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>''Emphasize'', '''strongly''', 
'''''very strongly'''''.</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr valign=top>
<td>A typewriter font for <tt>technical terms</tt>.
* For semantic reasons, &lt;code> should be used instead when writing computer programs
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>A typewriter font for <tt>technical terms</tt>.</nowiki></pre>
</td><!-- tt is really 'teletype', not 'technical term' -->
</tr>

<tr valign=top>
<td>You can use <small>small text</small> for captions.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>You can use <small>small text</small> for captions.</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top"><td>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and <u>underline new material</u>.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and <u>underline new material</u>.</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top">
<td>
'''Umlauts and accents:'''<br>
(See [[wikipedia:Special characters]])<br>
� � � � � �
<br>
<br>
&Agrave; &Aacute; &Acirc; &Atilde; &Auml; &Aring; <br>
&AElig; &Ccedil; &Egrave; &Eacute; &Ecirc; &Euml; <br>
&Igrave; &Iacute;
&Icirc; &Iuml; &Ntilde; &Ograve; <br>
&Oacute; &Ocirc; &Otilde;
&Ouml; &Oslash; &Ugrave; <br>
&Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig;
&agrave; &aacute; <br>
&acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig;
&ccedil; <br>
&egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute;<br>
&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc; <br>
&oelig; &otilde;
&ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute; <br>
&ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;
</td>
<td>
<br>
<br>
 � � � � � �<br>

<pre><nowiki>
&amp;Agrave; &amp;Aacute; &amp;Acirc; &amp;Atilde; &amp;Auml; &amp;Aring; 
&amp;AElig; &amp;Ccedil; &amp;Egrave; &amp;Eacute; &amp;Ecirc; &amp;Euml; 
&amp;Igrave; &amp;Iacute; &amp;Icirc; &amp;Iuml; &amp;Ntilde; &amp;Ograve; 
&amp;Oacute; &amp;Ocirc; &amp;Otilde; &amp;Ouml; &amp;Oslash; &amp;Ugrave; 
&amp;Uacute; &amp;Ucirc; &amp;Uuml; &amp;szlig; &amp;agrave; &amp;aacute; 
&amp;acirc; &amp;atilde; &amp;auml; &amp;aring; &amp;aelig; &amp;ccedil; 
&amp;egrave; &amp;eacute; &amp;ecirc; &amp;euml; &amp;igrave; &amp;iacute;
&amp;icirc; &amp;iuml; &amp;ntilde; &amp;ograve; &amp;oacute; &amp;ocirc; 
&amp;oelig; &amp;otilde; &amp;ouml; &amp;oslash; &amp;ugrave; &amp;uacute; 
&amp;ucirc; &amp;uuml; &amp;yuml;</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>

<tr valign=top>
<td>
'''Punctuation:'''<br>
&iquest; &iexcl; &sect; &para;<br>
&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; &mdash;<br>
&lsaquo; &rsaquo; &laquo; &raquo;<br>
&lsquo; &rsquo; &ldquo; &rdquo;
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>

&amp;iquest; &amp;iexcl; &amp;sect; &amp;para;
&amp;dagger; &amp;Dagger; &amp;bull; &amp;mdash;
&amp;lsaquo; &amp;rsaquo; &amp;laquo; &amp;raquo;
&amp;lsquo; &amp;rsquo; &amp;ldquo; &amp;rdquo;
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top">
<td>
'''Commercial symbols:'''<br>
&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; <br>
&pound; &curren;</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>

&amp;trade; &amp;copy; &amp;reg; &amp;cent; &amp;euro; &amp;yen; 
&amp;pound; &amp;curren;
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top"><td>Subscript: x<sub>2</sub><br>
Superscript: x<sup>2</sup> or x&sup2;
*The latter method of superscript can't be used in the most general context, but is preferred when possible (as with units of measurement) because most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with it.
&epsilon;<sub>0</sub> =
8.85 &times; 10<sup>&minus;12</sup>
C&sup2; / J m.
<br>
<br>
1 hectare = 1 E4 m�
</td>

<td><pre><nowiki>Subscript: x<sub>2</sub>
Superscript: x<sup>2</sup> or x&amp;sup2;







&amp;epsilon;<sub>0</sub> =
8.85 &amp;times; 10<sup>&amp;minus;12</sup>
C&amp;sup2; / J m.</nowiki></pre>
<br>
<nowiki>1 hectare = 1 E4 m�</nowiki>
</td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top"><td>'''Greek characters:''' <br>
&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta; <br>
&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu; <br>
&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho;  &sigma; &sigmaf; <br>
&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega;<br>
&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi; <br>
&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega;
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>

&amp;alpha; &amp;beta; &amp;gamma; &amp;delta; &amp;epsilon; &amp;zeta; 
&amp;eta; &amp;theta; &amp;iota; &amp;kappa; &amp;lambda; &amp;mu; &amp;nu; 


&amp;xi; &amp;omicron; &amp;pi; &amp;rho;  &amp;sigma; &amp;sigmaf;
&amp;tau; &amp;upsilon; &amp;phi; &amp;chi; &amp;psi; &amp;omega;
&amp;Gamma; &amp;Delta; &amp;Theta; &amp;Lambda; &amp;Xi; &amp;Pi; 
&amp;Sigma; &amp;Phi; &amp;Psi; &amp;Omega;
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
'''Math characters:''' <br>
&int; &sum; &prod; &radic; &minus; &plusmn; &infin;<br>
&asymp; &prop; &equiv; &ne; &le; &ge; &rarr;<br>
&times; &middot; &divide; &part; &prime; &Prime;<br>
&nabla; &permil; &deg; &there4; &alefsym; &oslash;<br>
&isin; &notin; &cap; &cup; &sub; &sup; &sube; &supe;<br>
&not; &and; &or; &exist; &forall; &rArr; &hArr;<br>
&rarr; &harr;<br>
(See also [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Mathematics|WikiProject Mathematics]])
</td>
<td valign="middle"><pre><nowiki>
&amp;int; &amp;sum; &amp;prod; &amp;radic; &amp;minus; &amp;plusmn; &amp;infin;
&amp;asymp; &amp;prop; &amp;equiv; &amp;ne; &amp;le; &amp;ge; &amp;rarr;
&amp;times; &amp;middot; &amp;divide; &amp;part; &amp;prime; &amp;Prime;
&amp;nabla; &amp;permil; &amp;deg; &amp;there4; &amp;alefsym; &amp;oslash;
&amp;isin; &amp;notin; &amp;cap; &amp;cup; &amp;sub; &amp;sup; &amp;sube; &amp;supe;
&amp;not; &amp;and; &amp;or; &amp;exist; &amp;forall; &amp;rArr; &amp;hArr;
&amp;rarr; &amp;harr;</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>

<tr valign="top"><td><i>x</i><sup>2</sup>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ge;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0 true.

*To space things out, use non-breaking spaces - <tt>&amp;nbsp;</tt>.
*<tt>&amp;nbsp;</tt> also prevents line breaks in the middle of text, this is useful in formulas.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>
<i>x</i><sup>2</sup>&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;ge;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;0 true.
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
'''Complicated formulae:'''<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;<math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math>
* See [[Wikipedia:TeX markup]]
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>  
<math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math>
</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
'''Suppressing interpretation of markup:'''<br>
<nowiki>Link &rarr; (<i>to</i>) the [[Gentoo-Portage Wiki FAQ]]</nowiki>
* Used to show literal data that would otherwise have special meaning.
* Escapes all [[Wikipedia:wiki markup]], including that which looks like HTML tags.
* Does not escape HTML character references.
* To escape HTML character references such as <tt>&amp;rarr;</tt> use <tt>&amp;amp;rarr;</tt>
</td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki><nowiki>Link &amp;rarr; (<i>to</i>) 
the [[Wikipedia FAQ]]</nowiki></nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
'''Commenting page source:'''<br>
''not shown in page''
* Used to leave comments in a page for future editors.
</td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki><!-- comment here --></nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table>

=== Common Formatting ===
To keep a consistant look throughout the wiki we have setup some templates to help keep things familiar; use these wherever appropriate.

[[Template Listing]]

=== Tables ===

==== Placement of the Table of Contents (TOC) ====
At the current status of the wiki markup language, at least four headers trigger the TOC in front of the first header (or after introductory sections). Putting <nowiki>__NOTOC__ </nowiki> anywhere forces the TOC to disappear.

==== Tables ====
There are two ways to build tables: 
*in special Wiki-markup (see [[Help:Tables|Using tables]])
*with the usual HTML elements: &lt;table&gt;, &lt;tr&gt;, &lt;td&gt; or &lt;th&gt;.

===Variables===
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
  <tr><th>Code</th><th style="width:50%;">Effect</th></tr>
  <tr><td><nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTH}}</nowiki></td><td>{{CURRENTMONTH}}</td></tr>
  <tr><td><nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}</nowiki></td><td>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}</td></tr>
  <tr><td><nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN}}</nowiki></td><td>{{CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN}}</td></tr>
  <tr><td><nowiki>{{CURRENTDAY}}</nowiki></td><td>{{CURRENTDAY}}</td></tr>
  <tr><td><nowiki>{{CURRENTDAYNAME}}</nowiki></td><td>{{CURRENTDAYNAME}}</td></tr>
  <tr><td><nowiki>{{CURRENTYEAR}}</nowiki></td><td>{{CURRENTYEAR}}</td></tr>
  <tr><td><nowiki>{{CURRENTTIME}}</nowiki></td><td>{{CURRENTTIME}}</td></tr>
  <tr><td><nowiki>{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}</nowiki></td><td>{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}</td></tr>
</table>

'''NUMBEROFARTICLES''' is the number of pages in the main namespace which contain a link and are not a redirect, i.e. number of articles, stubs containing a link, and disambiguation pages).

===Transclusion===

The [[Wikipedia:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] software used by Wikipedia has limited support for transclusion. This means standardized text chunks (such as boilerplate text) can be inserted into articles. For example, typing <nowiki>{{msg:stub}}</nowiki> will appear as ''This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.'' when the page is saved. Other commonly used ones are <nowiki>{{msg:disambig}}</nowiki> for disambiguation pages and <nowiki>{{msg:spoiler}}</nowiki> for spoiler warnings.